![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.mjm-automation.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/MJM-AUTOMATION-06-10-2026-4.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nZ\u00e1kladn\u00e1 po\u017eiarna a stavebn\u00e1 legislat\u00edva<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Tieto z\u00e1kony a vyhl\u00e1\u0161ky tvoria pr\u00e1vny r\u00e1mec, pod\u013ea ktor\u00e9ho mus\u00ed by\u0165 ka\u017ed\u00e1 stavba a in\u0161tal\u00e1cia bezpe\u010dn\u00e1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
- \n
- Z\u00e1kon \u010d. 314\/2001 Z. z. o ochrane pred po\u017eiarmi<\/a>:<\/strong> Z\u00e1kladn\u00fd pilier, ktor\u00fd definuje povinnosti os\u00f4b pri predch\u00e1dzan\u00ed po\u017eiarom.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Vyhl\u00e1\u0161ka MV SR \u010d. 94\/2004 Z. z.<\/a>:<\/strong> Ustanovuje technick\u00e9 po\u017eiadavky na protipo\u017eiarnu bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 pri v\u00fdstavbe a pri u\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed stavieb.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Stavebn\u00fd z\u00e1kon (\u010d. 50\/1976 Zb.)<\/a>:<\/strong> Ur\u010duje, kedy fotovoltika podlieha stavebn\u00e9mu povoleniu. Pri in\u0161tal\u00e1ci\u00e1ch na strechu rodinn\u00e9ho domu (v\u00fdkon do 50 kW) bez z\u00e1sahu do nosnej kon\u0161trukcie zv\u00e4\u010d\u0161a sta\u010d\u00ed ohl\u00e1senie drobnej stavby. Ak by sa v\u0161ak do statiky zasahovalo, vy\u017eaduje sa stavebn\u00e9 povolenie, ktor\u00e9ho povinnou pr\u00edlohou je aj kladn\u00e9 stanovisko k po\u017eiarnej bezpe\u010dnosti.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.mjm-automation.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/MJM-AUTOMATION-06-10-2026-3.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nTechnick\u00e9 normy a predpisy (STN a ATN)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Samotn\u00e9 technick\u00e9 vyhotovenie a mont\u00e1\u017e sa riadia normami. Pre po\u017eiarnu bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 s\u00fa k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 tieto:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
- \n
- ATN\u00ae 011<\/a>:<\/strong> Technick\u00fd dokument Asoci\u00e1cie pas\u00edvnej po\u017eiarnej ochrany SR (aktualizovan\u00fd pre rok 2025). Detailne definuje po\u017eiadavky na protipo\u017eiarnu bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 stavieb s fotovoltick\u00fdmi syst\u00e9mami. Rie\u0161i bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 trasovanie k\u00e1blov, umiestnenie strieda\u010dov aj pravidl\u00e1 pre bat\u00e9riov\u00e9 \u00falo\u017eisk\u00e1.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- STN 33 2312:<\/strong> Elektrotechnick\u00e9 predpisy pre elektrick\u00e9 zariadenia v hor\u013eav\u00fdch l\u00e1tkach a na nich (ve\u013emi d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 pri dreven\u00fdch krovoch a poval\u00e1ch).<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- STN 33 2000-7-712 a STN EN 62446:<\/strong> \u0160pecifick\u00e9 normy zameran\u00e9 na fotovoltick\u00e9 nap\u00e1jacie syst\u00e9my, ich zap\u00e1janie, rev\u00edzne testovanie a komplexn\u00fa ochranu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.mjm-automation.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/MJM-AUTOMATION-06-10-2026-2.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nPraktick\u00e9 povinnosti z h\u013eadiska po\u017eiarnej ochrany<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Pri samotnej in\u0161tal\u00e1cii na dom nesmie\u0161 zabudn\u00fa\u0165 na tieto bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 opatrenia, ktor\u00e9 od teba bude vy\u017eadova\u0165 aj rev\u00edzny technik:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ozna\u010denie budovy:<\/strong> Na vidite\u013enom mieste (napr\u00edklad na hlavnom rozv\u00e1dza\u010di alebo fas\u00e1de pri vstupe) mus\u00ed by\u0165 umiestnen\u00e1 v\u00fdstra\u017en\u00e1 zna\u010dka (minim\u00e1lne form\u00e1t A6 s hrub\u00fdm \u010derven\u00fdm okrajom), ktor\u00e1 okam\u017eite informuje hasi\u010dov o pr\u00edtomnosti FVE.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 vedenie tr\u00e1s:<\/strong> Jednosmern\u00e9 (DC) k\u00e1ble id\u00face zo strechy by mali by\u0165 ulo\u017een\u00e9 v protipo\u017eiarnom a mechanicky chr\u00e1nenom in\u0161tala\u010dnom k\u00e1blovom kan\u00e1li.<\/sup> T\u00fdm sa minimalizuje riziko, \u017ee by pr\u00edpadn\u00fd skrat preniesol po\u017eiar na hor\u013eav\u00fa kon\u0161trukciu strechy.<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n
Dostupnos\u0165 odpojova\u010dov (Total Stop):<\/strong> Hasi\u010di potrebuj\u00fa syst\u00e9m v pr\u00edpade z\u00e1sahu r\u00fdchlo odpoji\u0165 od nap\u00e4tia. Vyp\u00ednacie prvky preto musia by\u0165 jasne ozna\u010den\u00e9, logicky umiestnen\u00e9 a \u010do naj\u013eah\u0161ie pr\u00edstupn\u00e9.<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n
Rozlo\u017eenie panelov na streche nie je len o tom, kde najlep\u0161ie svieti slnko. Z h\u013eadiska po\u017eiarnej bezpe\u010dnosti a noriem (hlavne ATN 011) mus\u00ed\u0161 na streche necha\u0165 manipula\u010dn\u00fd priestor pre pr\u00edpadn\u00fd z\u00e1sah hasi\u010dov a zabr\u00e1ni\u0165 \u0161\u00edreniu pr\u00edpadn\u00e9ho oh\u0148a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.mjm-automation.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/MJM-AUTOMATION-06-10-2026-1.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tu s\u00fa hlavn\u00e9 pravidl\u00e1, na ktor\u00e9 pri n\u00e1vrhu a samotnej mont\u00e1\u017ei kon\u0161trukcie nesmie\u0161 zabudn\u00fa\u0165:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Stre\u0161n\u00e9 okn\u00e1 a v\u00fdlezy musia osta\u0165 vo\u013en\u00e9<\/a>:<\/strong> Panely v \u017eiadnom pr\u00edpade nesm\u00fa blokova\u0165 stre\u0161n\u00e9 okn\u00e1 ani komin\u00e1rske v\u00fdlezy na strechu. Tieto otvory sl\u00fa\u017eia ako \u00fanikov\u00e9 cesty a hasi\u010di ich pri po\u017eiari nutne potrebuj\u00fa na odvetranie toxick\u00e9ho dymu z podkrovia. Okolo okna mus\u00ed\u0161 necha\u0165 dostato\u010dn\u00fd priestor na to, aby sa dalo plne otvori\u0165 a dalo sa cez neho bezpe\u010dne prejs\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pr\u00edstupov\u00e9 a z\u00e1sahov\u00e9 cesty<\/a>:<\/strong> Nem\u00f4\u017ee\u0161 zadebni\u0165 panelmi \u00faplne cel\u00fa plochu od okraja po okraj. Hasi\u010di vy\u017eaduj\u00fa vo\u013en\u00e9 pr\u00edstupov\u00e9 p\u00e1sy (zvy\u010dajne pri hrebeni strechy, na krajoch a v \u00fa\u017e\u013eabiach). Ak za\u010dne horie\u0165 krov alebo izol\u00e1cia pod krytinou, hasi\u010di musia ma\u0165 po \u010dom chodi\u0165 a kde strechu rozobra\u0165, aby sa dostali k ohnisku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Odstupy od bleskozvodu (LPS):<\/strong> Panely, hlin\u00edkov\u00e1 kon\u0161trukcia aj k\u00e1ble musia by\u0165 v bezpe\u010dnej vzdialenosti od zvodov bleskozvodu. T\u00fato tzv. dostato\u010dn\u00fa vzdialenos\u0165 (ozna\u010dovan\u00fa ako „s“) po\u010d\u00edta projektant. Ak m\u00e1\u0161 mal\u00fa strechu a tento odstup nevie\u0161 dodr\u017ea\u0165, mus\u00ed\u0161 cel\u00fa kon\u0161trukciu s bleskozvodom vodivo posp\u00e1ja\u0165. Inak pri \u00fadere blesku hroz\u00ed preskok iskry z bleskozvodu na panely, \u010do m\u00f4\u017ee okam\u017eite zap\u00e1li\u0165 strechu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Odstup od kom\u00edna:<\/strong> Pri vyhoren\u00ed sadz\u00ed v kom\u00edne vznikaj\u00fa extr\u00e9mne teploty, ktor\u00e9 sa m\u00f4\u017eu prenies\u0165 na pl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 kom\u00edna. Panely, a predov\u0161etk\u00fdm hor\u013eav\u00e9 jednosmern\u00e9 (DC) k\u00e1ble, musia by\u0165 veden\u00e9 v bezpe\u010dnej vzdialenosti od kom\u00ednov\u00e9ho telesa, aby sa od s\u00e1lav\u00e9ho tepla netopila izol\u00e1cia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Po\u017eiarne deliace p\u00e1sy pri radovk\u00e1ch:<\/strong> Ak rob\u00ed\u0161 in\u0161tal\u00e1ciu na radovej z\u00e1stavbe, panely nikdy nesm\u00fa prekr\u00fdva\u0165 po\u017eiarnu stenu, ktor\u00e1 odde\u013euje jednotliv\u00e9 domy. Medzi panelmi susedov mus\u00ed osta\u0165 pr\u00e1zdny stre\u0161n\u00fd p\u00e1s (zvy\u010dajne sa vy\u017eaduje 0,5 a\u017e 1 meter). Zabra\u0148uje to tomu, aby ohe\u0148 cez horiace komponenty fotovoltiky presko\u010dil z jednej strechy na druh\u00fa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ochrana k\u00e1blov na prechodoch:<\/strong> K\u00e1ble nesm\u00fa by\u0165 vo\u013ene prehoden\u00e9 cez ostr\u00e9 hrany plechov\u00fdch striech alebo odkvapov. Postupom \u010dasu by sa izol\u00e1cia predrala, vznikol by jednosmern\u00fd obl\u00fak (ktor\u00fd sa \u0165a\u017eko has\u00ed a nevyhod\u00ed hne\u010f klasick\u00fd isti\u010d) a ten by zap\u00e1lil podklad. V\u0161etky prechody musia by\u0165 chr\u00e1nen\u00e9 chr\u00e1ni\u010dkami alebo kovov\u00fdmi \u017e\u013eabmi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Pl\u00e1nujete fotovoltaiku?Vedeli ste \u017ee: T\u00e9ma po\u017eiarnej bezpe\u010dnosti pri in\u0161tal\u00e1cii fotovoltiky (FVE) na rodinn\u00e9 domy je absol\u00fatne k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e1. T\u00fdka sa nielen elektrik\u00e1rov, ktor\u00ed nes\u00fa zodpovednos\u0165 za bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 zapojenie, ale aj majite\u013eov, pre ktor\u00fdch ide o ochranu majetku a \u017eivota. Ak d\u00f4jde k po\u017eiaru, zasahuj\u00faci hasi\u010di musia presne vedie\u0165, s \u010d\u00edm maj\u00fa do \u010dinenia, inak im hroz\u00ed […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":845,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[25,26,23],"class_list":["post-844","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nezaradene","tag-elektrikari","tag-mjm-automation","tag-zivnostnici"],"rttpg_featured_image_url":{"full":["https:\/\/www.mjm-automation.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/MJM-AUTOMATION-06-10-2026.jpg",2048,1024,false],"landscape":["https:\/\/www.mjm-automation.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/MJM-AUTOMATION-06-10-2026.jpg",2048,1024,false],"portraits":["https:\/\/www.mjm-automation.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/MJM-AUTOMATION-06-10-2026.jpg",2048,1024,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/www.mjm-automation.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/MJM-AUTOMATION-06-10-2026-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/www.mjm-automation.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/MJM-AUTOMATION-06-10-2026-300x150.jpg",300,150,true],"large":["https:\/\/www.mjm-automation.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/MJM-AUTOMATION-06-10-2026-1024x512.jpg",1024,512,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/www.mjm-automation.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/MJM-AUTOMATION-06-10-2026-1536x768.jpg",1536,768,true],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/www.mjm-automation.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/MJM-AUTOMATION-06-10-2026.jpg",2048,1024,false],"trp-custom-language-flag":["https:\/\/www.mjm-automation.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/MJM-AUTOMATION-06-10-2026-18x9.jpg",18,9,true]},"rttpg_author":{"display_name":"Milan Lys\u00edk","author_link":"https:\/\/www.mjm-automation.sk\/en\/author\/mjm-automation\/"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":"Nezaraden\u00e9<\/a>","rttpg_excerpt":"Pl\u00e1nujete fotovoltaiku?Vedeli ste \u017ee: T\u00e9ma po\u017eiarnej bezpe\u010dnosti pri in\u0161tal\u00e1cii fotovoltiky (FVE) na rodinn\u00e9 domy je absol\u00fatne k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e1. T\u00fdka sa nielen elektrik\u00e1rov, ktor\u00ed nes\u00fa zodpovednos\u0165 za bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 zapojenie, ale aj majite\u013eov, pre ktor\u00fdch ide o ochranu majetku a \u017eivota. Ak d\u00f4jde k po\u017eiaru, zasahuj\u00faci hasi\u010di musia presne vedie\u0165, s \u010d\u00edm maj\u00fa do \u010dinenia, inak im hroz\u00ed…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mjm-automation.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/844","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mjm-automation.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mjm-automation.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mjm-automation.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mjm-automation.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=844"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.mjm-automation.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/844\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":850,"href":"https:\/\/www.mjm-automation.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/844\/revisions\/850"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mjm-automation.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/845"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mjm-automation.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=844"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mjm-automation.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=844"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mjm-automation.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=844"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
- STN 33 2312:<\/strong> Elektrotechnick\u00e9 predpisy pre elektrick\u00e9 zariadenia v hor\u013eav\u00fdch l\u00e1tkach a na nich (ve\u013emi d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 pri dreven\u00fdch krovoch a poval\u00e1ch).<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- Vyhl\u00e1\u0161ka MV SR \u010d. 94\/2004 Z. z.<\/a>:<\/strong> Ustanovuje technick\u00e9 po\u017eiadavky na protipo\u017eiarnu bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 pri v\u00fdstavbe a pri u\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed stavieb.<\/li>\n\n\n\n